Faculty Publications

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Asymmetric dynamics between geopolitical conflict sentiment and cryptomarkets
(Research in International Business and Finance, 2024-04) Abakah, Emmanuel Joel Aikins; Abdullah, Mohammad; Tiwari , Aviral Kumar; Ullah, G M Wali
This study investigates the influence of Russia-Ukraine war and associated economic sanctions sentiments on the returns of cryptocurrencies, NFTs, and DeFi assets. We analyse daily returns of twelve blockchain-based assets by employing quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) and an asymmetric time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) connectedness approach. The QQR reveals that the war sentiment has varying effects on the returns of digital assets, with negative (positive) impacts in bullish (bearish) markets. Notably, there is a heterogeneous effect observed in normal market conditions. Results from the TVP-VAR-based asymmetric connectedness approach demonstrate a time-varying influence of war sentiment, particularly heightened post-invasion. The war sentiment emerges as a significant transmitter (receiver) of price shocks in bullish (bearish) market conditions. These findings offer extensive implications for investors and policymakers when modelling market behavior during geopolitical events.
Geopolitical risk and real estate stock crash
(Finance Research Letters, 2025-06) Abakah, Emmanuel Joel Aikins; Abdullah, Mohammad; Akinsomi, Omokolade; Tiwari, Aviral Kumar
We investigate the effect of geopolitical risk (GPR) on real estate stock crashes while accounting for the impact of cash holdings and financial constraints in this relationship. Using a dataset from 28 countries covering the period of 2000 to 2023 from 1805 firms, we document that geopolitical risk increases real estate stock price crash risk. Our result remains consistent using an alternate proxy of geopolitical risk and even after considering endogeneity concerns using 2SLS and Entropy balanced samples. Our result shows the negative impact of GPR is stronger for firms with high cash holdings and high financial constraints.
Real-world asset tokens and commodities: static and dynamic linkages
(China Accounting and Finance Review, 2025-08) Tiwari, Aviral Kumar; Abdullah, Mohammad; Sarker, Provash Kumer; Abakah, Emmanuel Joel Aikins
Purpose – This study explores the static and dynamic interconnectedness between real world asset (RWA) tokens and traditional commodities. Additionally, the study examines the role of uncertainty factors in explaining the interconnectedness. Finally, the study examines portfolio diversification opportunities. Design/methodology/approach – A novel R-squared based time-frequency connectedness approach is used to examine interconnectedness using data from March 14, 2018, to June 9, 2023. To compute optimal portfolio weights and hedging ratios for each pair, the DCC-GARCH model is utilized and the best weights and hedge ratios are estimated. Findings – The static connectedness result shows that RWA tokens and commodities demonstrate a relatively lower level of interconnectedness. The dynamic connectedness measures unveil time-varying interconnectedness, particularly heightened during economic events. Moreover, global uncertainty factors are positively associated with connectedness, emphasizing the multifaceted channels through which shock is transmitted. Portfolio analysis underscores potential diversification opportunities between RWAs and commodities, offering insights for informed decision-making in navigating the evolving landscape of blockchain-based assets and traditional commodities. Originality/value – The main novelty of this manuscript is the exploration of RWA tokens, an emerging asset class that has received limited academic attention compared to cryptocurrencies, NFTs and DeFi. Unlike prior studies, this research employs a novel R-Squared-based time-frequency connectedness approach to analyze the static and dynamic linkages betweenRWA and traditional commodities.It also examines global uncertainty factors and incorporates portfolio backtesting, providing insightsfor investorsseeking diversification in tokenized assets.